Wang Jianguo 1 Liu Yanyan 2 Abstract: With the advent of a learning society, under the circumstance of quasi-permanent separation of teachers and students, it is of great significance to study the interactive implementation of network courseware for teaching activities that use the network as the basic teaching medium. This article analyzes the interactive characteristics of network courseware, and discusses the interactive implementation methods and characteristics in network courseware from the perspective of interactive implementation. Second, the network courseware interactive implementation and its characteristics analysis 4. Conclusion
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1. Beijing Vocational College of Information Technology, Beijing 100015 2. College of Disaster Prevention Technology, Sanhe, Hebei 065201
Keywords: interactivity; online courseware; interactivity of online courseware
With the implementation of the "School to School" project and the popularization of the campus network, network teaching supported by multimedia technology and network technology has gradually shown its unique advantages. It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional classroom teaching due to time and space constraints. The learner provides a personalized learning environment. The implementation of network teaching needs a lot of network resources, especially the support of online version of courseware.
1. Network courseware and its interactive features
The network courseware is based on Browser / Server (browser / server) mode. It can be published on the Internet (Intranet) or Intranet (Local Area Network). It is essentially a Web application. Compared with the traditional stand-alone version of multimedia courseware, its advantages are embodied in: not limited by time and space; it helps to promote collaborative learning among learners; the degree of sharing is high, and the impact is large; the courseware and content update are convenient.
The interactivity of network courseware refers to the use of dialogue means in courseware to exchange information between learners and courseware, learners and learners, and learners and teachers in a certain interactive way to complete the teaching of specific teaching content. Has the following characteristics:
1. Virtuality
The learners in the process of network teaching are learning with the help of network courseware, and their interaction is mainly carried out in a virtual situation through the network, and the learners can communicate by means of various interaction methods.
2. Cooperation
Learners studying in a network environment conduct division of labor and collaborative learning around the same topic. Discussions about the course may occur at any time and require timely feedback.
3. Variability
The interactivity of network courseware is dynamic and variable in many aspects, such as: in terms of interactive objects, the interactive objects faced by learners can be teachers, experts, other learners and network visitors, according to their own interaction needs Free choice of interactive objects.
4. Diversity
Network courseware can design and produce traditional stand-alone multimedia courseware in human-computer interaction, such as: question-and-answer dialogue, menu technology, command language, natural language, etc., and can also realize interpersonal communication through BBS, E-mail, etc. Real-time / non-real-time interaction.
The interactive design of network courseware is for learners to effectively conduct online learning and correctly understand knowledge. Learners frequently interact with computers through guidance tools such as mouse and keyboard, and computers use media forms and fonts such as text, pictures, animations, sounds, and videos. In response to changes in colors, relevant teaching information is displayed to learners, thus forming an online learning process.
In traditional classroom teaching, the teacher ’s influence on the learner is not only to impart knowledge to the learner, but also has a subtle effect on the learner ’s worldview and character formation. These are carried out through face-to-face activities between the teacher and the learner . However, in network teaching, teachers and learners lack this opportunity for face-to-face communication, which requires the help of network courseware interaction. The good interactivity of network courseware can be achieved in the following ways:
1. Realization of navigation function
A large number of hyperlinks and library-based information organization methods in the network courseware provide learners with personalized and autonomously controlled interactive learning environments. The non-linear organization of information resources allows learners to freely move between pages during the learning process Jumping, if there is no navigation system, it will cause the learner to produce "information trekking" phenomenon in the process of learning along the node, making it a sense of confusion, thereby reducing the learning efficiency. Over time, the confidence of the learner will be affected. influences. Therefore, in the online courseware, it is necessary to provide learners with course content structure guide maps, provide convenient electronic bookmarks, provide retrieval mechanisms, table of contents index tables, help pages, etc., and the terms, graphics, sounds, etc. involved in the course content It is necessary to use non-linear links such as hot words, hot zones and hot objects to more detailed explanations for learners to use when studying.
2. Realization of online question answering function
Due to the time and space separation of teachers and learners, learners will inevitably encounter various problems in the learning process. If they are not answered in time, they will inevitably frustrate the enthusiasm of learners. Online question answering has an indispensable role in strengthening the communication between teachers and learners, helping learners to clarify where the questions are and getting the answers they really need.
There are two ways to realize online answering: manual answering and automatic answering. The manual question answering is that the teacher answers the questions raised by each learner through E-mail or forum. Automatic answering is to solve the problems raised by the learner when the teacher is not online. When the learner encounters a difficult problem, enter a keyword to query the database. The system automatically finds the most suitable answer in the database through analysis. After finding the answers they need, you can submit the questions to the experts through the question submission page. Experts give answers to learners through E-mail or forums in a short time, and store this question in the database for other learners to use.
3. Realization of online test function
Online testing is mainly carried out through standardized questions (choice questions, judgment questions, etc.) with clear answers, and heuristic design can be adopted step by step. After each question, there are "submit" and "redo" buttons. After the learner submits the answer, he gives a brief explanation of the correct answer. For the wrong answer, he is not in a hurry to give the answer, but displays a reminder. , Ask the learner to redo, if you make a mistake again, you can give further tips and information, still ask to redo, give answers and answers after the third submission, and record the questions that are not correct three times, when it is time to learn When the learner answers the question again in the future, he will be reminded to pay attention to it, which will help the learner to think actively and cultivate the learner's ability to analyze and solve problems. The implementation of the online test function can be easily implemented using DHTML and JavaScript technologies, which can greatly reduce the load on the server and database.
4. Realization of search function
There may be many knowledge points in the network courseware. To enable learners to quickly find the content they need, they must use the query function. By designing the dialog box, the learner is required to input the keyword to be queried, and then directly jump to the page related to the entered keyword to realize the knowledge retrieval function. Knowledge retrieval can be divided into two types: content retrieval within the courseware and content retrieval outside the courseware. Retrieval of content outside the courseware can be achieved by embedding Baidu or Google super search engine script in the courseware. The retrieval function of the content in the courseware can be realized by JavaScript. It maintains a keyword and a corresponding dictionary table containing the URL of the page to realize the query.
3. Problems that should be paid attention to in the process of interactive implementation of network courseware
1. Accurately locate the interactivity of network courseware
Strong interactivity is the life of online education. Liang Bin pointed out: "Interaction can be simply defined as a two-way communication, which is reflected in the two-way communication between learners and teachers, learners and learning resources, learners and learners." However, interactive media There is no guarantee that learning will happen, just like the school library cannot guarantee that learning will happen. In terms of the interactive implementation of online courseware, designers should make full use of the interactive technology of the media according to the actual needs of online education, and pay attention to the interactivity of the content in the media, rather than simply pursuing the operable interactivity of the media. The interactive activities should be scientifically designed so that the interactive activities can produce real and meaningful help for the learners.
2. Do not interact too often
From the perspective of information processing, forgetting fast means that the knowledge learned is only superficially understood, and there is no transfer from short-term memory to long-term memory. The process of transforming knowledge information from short-term memory to long-term memory, the new knowledge information interacts with the original cognitive structure, assimilate or smoothen, thereby establishing a new cognitive structure and meaning, which is actually a positive The thinking process requires a certain time interval. If the interaction is too frequent and provides a large amount of knowledge information in a short time, the learner has no time to digest, and the capacity of short-term memory is limited, forgetting is inevitable. What's more, if the learner just follows the courseware step by step along the ideas designed by the designer in advance, there is no opportunity for active thinking, the new cognitive structure cannot be established, and the teaching effect can be imagined. Therefore, avoid interaction too frequently.
With the development of network communication technology and database technology (data warehouse, data mining), more complete interactive functions will be designed in network courseware, which will greatly improve the teaching efficiency of network courseware and provide more high The level of educational services improves the educational level of the entire society.
References [1] Chen Yang. Design and production of multimedia courseware based on network [J]. Education informatization, 2003, 3
[2] Li Kedong. Newly edited modern educational technology foundation [M]. Shanghai: East China Normal University Press, 2002
