Hardcover is one of the main forms of modern book binding. It is a more sophisticated method of binding in book binding and processing. The binding process is complex. Hardcover generally uses cardboard as the book shell, and the surface layer is made of paper, cloth, hemp, varnish and other materials. After decoration, the hard text is printed with colorful text or patterns to make a hard cover. After the book block is processed, the back of the book becomes round or straight. The hard cover and book block are combined to form a beautifully shaped, firm and solid, easy-to-read hardcover book. The processing of hardcover books is generally completed by machinery. In addition to various single machines, there are also hardcover book block processing linkage lines and high-efficiency hardcover linkage lines. For hardcover books with special specifications and materials and few prints, they are still done by hand. The classification of hardcover machinery: rounded spine machine, book core backing machine, book shell machine, book shell machine, groove forming machine and hardcover production line. The hardcover process refers to the process of processing the book block and the shape of the book after folding, collating, bookbinding, and book cutting. There are three main process processes: book block processing, book shell making, and book cover. The form of hardcover books is often classified by the shape of the book block and the back of the book, the shape and structure of the book case, and the form of the book block and the book case. 1. The shape of book block and back The shape of the book back is divided into three types: round back with ridge, round back without ridge and square back (or flat back). The connection between the front and back covers of the book and the back of the book is called the spine. The spine of paperback books is not higher than the plane of the book block, while the spine of hardcover books is generally higher than the plane of the book block. The spine is divided into true ridge and false ridge. The true ridge is to use the curvature of the upper and lower sides of the book back to be higher than the plane of the book block; the false ridge is to use the cardboard to form the spine formed on the back of the book. The height of the spine is equal to the thickness of the cover board. 1. Fang Bei book block Refers to the straight and square back of the book block. The back of the book is not protruding, which is basically similar to the back of paperback books. The back of the book is at right angles to the upper and lower ring lining of the book block. Because the hardcover book blocks are fixed with a lock thread, the thread creases of each book signature are lined in the crease. Therefore, the back of the book block is thicker than the other parts of the book signature. The more the number of book posts, the book The difference between the thickness of the spine and the rest of the book block is also greater. Therefore, the form of the square back book block is generally only used for hardcover books with a thickness of about 20mm. 2. Round back spine book block Round-backed ridge is also called round-back true ridge book block. The back of the book block is arc-shaped, the spine is raised with ridges, and is firm and firm. This form of book back is suitable for binding thick books, and there is an obvious book slot after the book case is installed, which is convenient for flipping. At present, most of the hardcover books in our country adopt this round-backed ridge processing form. 3. Round back ridgeless book block The round-back ridgeless book block is also called the round-back false ridge. The back of the book block is arc-shaped. The back of the book block is the same thickness as the book block. It is firm and firm, but there is no spine. This form of book block is usually matched with a soft book case or a plastic case. Second, the book shell form 1. Square corners, rounded corners, angled bookcases The two corners of the front opening of the bookcase cardboard are rounded to form a rounded bookcase; the one that does not cut the rounded corners and the cut edges are perpendicular to each other is the square bookcase. It is troublesome, but it is not easy to damage when using bright angle. The corner book case is to wrap leather or fabric on the front corners of the book case. The paper book case mostly uses corners. Wrapping the corners with fabric can extend the life of the book. 2. Full-face book case and junction book case A book shell pasted with a whole piece of surface material is a whole book shell. The surface material is not a whole piece, but one material is used for the front cover and the back cover, and the book cover made of another material for the book waist is the interface book cover. 3. Plastic pressed cover. That is the active set of book shells. 3. The form of book cover There are the following forms of book block and book case: 1. The square-backed book core fit form There are two types of square-back book block mating. The first type is square-back pretend, that is, a medium-diameter cardboard with the thickness of the book block plus two cover boards is set on the back of the book to form a spine. The second type is square back flat ridge and square ridge, that is, paste the middle-diameter paperboard according to the thickness of the book block. The form of pressing out the ladder when it is nested is called square ridge, and the form without pressing out the step is called flat ridge. 2. Round back book nesting form The round-back book borrowing form is divided into soft back, hard back and cavity back. (1) Soft back When fitting, the middle diameter paper of the book shell and the back card of the book block are directly adhered. This form of nesting is easy to open and close, and easy to read. With the increase of the number of flips, the text printed on the back of the book is easy to fall off, which affects the appearance quality of the book. (2) Hardback When the bookcase is stuck, the hardboard is partially glued to the hardboard and then directly bonded to the back of the book block. Although this form can maintain the durable effect of the hot stamped text on the back of the book, because the back of the book is fixed by the middle-diameter cardboard, you can read it. It is not easy to even out. Cavity back mounted. Connect the spine of the book back to the middle seam of the book cover, and then use the effect of the ring lining to secure the book cover. This form of nesting is convenient for reading and does not affect the effect of hot stamping. It is currently the most widely used form of hardcover book nesting.
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Recommended for children 4 years of age and older
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