Modern trams took the lead in France in the late 1990s, and then successfully built operations in several Western European countries such as France, Germany, and Spain. Modern trams quickly attracted domestic sales with a new image, comfortable environment and services. The city's attention and research, some cities in China such as Shanghai, Tianjin, Shenyang, Suzhou, etc. have also carried out the construction of the tram system. The ticket inspection system has an important impact on the operational efficiency and quality of service of trams. Since modern tramcars are still in their infancy in China, although the experience of foreign trams is worth learning, due to the different application backgrounds and operational levels, it is decided that the method of ticketing for modern trams in China cannot be copied abroad. It is necessary to conduct research on a variety of ticket sales methods in the public transportation industry to summarize the method of selling tickets for domestic trams. Summary of the way of ticket sales for trams According to different ticketing and ticket checking positions, the ways of selling tickets for trams can be divided into three categories: First, the way to sell tickets on the car The method of ticket checking on the car means that the ticketing and ticket checking functions are completed on the vehicle, including three types: 1, paper ticket manual ticket sales That is to say, the manual ticket sales method is adopted directly, and the ticket seller uses the hand-held ticket vending machine without printing function to carry out the ticket sales operation, the ticket inspection is completed once, and a fixed invoice is provided, which can solve the ticket purchase ticket requirement of the changeless passenger, and is held at the same time. The ticket inspection transaction information in the ticket gate can be easily imported into the background computer system, which facilitates the cash register and statistical work. 2, slot machine mode Similar to the unmanned ticket bus, a slot machine is set up at the gate of the tram to realize the function of unmanned ticket inspection. 3, IC card car POS machine ticket checking method IC card passengers can realize the ticket checking function of the tram by brushing the card on the train. From the perspective of resource integration, the local earth-issued citizen card and bus card can be directly used to realize the function of bus and track card. In this case, the ticket sales are completed through the citizen card and the bus card system recharge outlets. The tram company obtains the ticket for the settlement by regularly reconciling with the citizen card company and the bus company. If the IC card is issued by the tram company itself, the ticket sales function can be completed by setting up the charging of the tram card service outlet. Advantages of the ticket inspection on the bus: The station size is small, the ticket can be collected in the car, the station does not need to be equipped with ticket inspection facilities, the station is highly open, and compatibility with other modes of transportation can be better. Disadvantages of inspecting and selling tickets on the bus: passengers queue up to sell tickets, which will reduce the efficiency of getting on and off when the passenger flow is large, and the vehicle stops for a long time; the ticket is sold before getting off the bus, it is difficult to realize the network charging between different lines; it is difficult to achieve Transfer within the station; Second, the way of ticket sales outside the car The way of ticket sales outside the car means that the ticketing and ticket checking functions are completed outside the car. This method is currently the mainstream ticket sales method of the domestic rail transit system. The IC card passengers pay the ticket at the station through the gate to pay the ticket at the same time; other passengers buy the ticket at the station manual ticketing point or the automatic ticket vending machine, and pass the gate to check the ticket. Tickets are available in the form of IC cards, ID cards, and two-dimensional code paper tickets. Advantages of the way of ticket sales outside the car: passengers do not need to purchase ticket checking when getting on and off, improve the speed of passengers and passengers and door utilization, can shorten the vehicle armistice time; passengers of different lines can realize the pricing charge in the same network charging system; It is convenient to realize passengers' transfer within different stations; there is no need to configure ticket-selling personnel to reduce operating expenses; Disadvantages of the way of ticket sales outside the car: the station needs to set up the ticketing facilities and the area of ​​the house, divide the paid and non-paid areas, increase the building size of the station, increase the construction cost; the station is closed, and isolation measures should be set around the station, and other The transportation mode is poorly compatible; the station needs to restrain the ticket sales and sell the ticket checking equipment, and the cost of selling the ticket checking equipment is relatively large. Factors affecting the way in which tickets are sold First, passenger demand The passenger flow demand of the station affects the armistice time of the vehicle. For the line or station with large passenger flow demand, it is necessary to adopt the high-efficiency ticket inspection method to reduce the armistice time, meet the needs of fast operation, and improve passenger transportation efficiency. Second, transfer mode The tram system can only exert its maximum utility after forming a network. The transfer within the network is extremely important for the development of modern tram bears, and the way of ticket inspection is often one of the main determinants of the transfer mode. Therefore, the method of ticket inspection must be considered in conjunction with future transfer methods. Third, the fare system The system's fare system has a direct impact on the way of ticket sales. If the meter fare system is to be adopted, it is advisable to use the ticket checking method for off-street ticket sales. Fourth, the station layout and traffic conditions Trams are usually placed on ground roads, and the size of the station is often limited by road resources and traffic organization. Therefore, the choice of ticket inspection methods should fully consider the station size and other station facilities restrictions. V. Labor costs Any method of selling tickets must be operated and managed by professionals. Labor costs are an important part of the operating costs of trams. Labor costs should be considered when selecting the method of ticket inspection. Sixth, economic indicators The economic indicators related to the way of selling tickets include: station construction costs, station ticketing facilities, and related civil engineering and electrical engineering. Because the method of ticket inspection has a decisive influence on the stop time, the length of the armistice affects the operation of the tram. The number of vehicles is allocated, which affects the purchase cost of vehicles. When choosing the method of selling tickets, it should balance the economic indicators according to the project conditions. Seven, resource integration From the perspective of the entire urban transportation level, the rail transit system is only a part of it. Its construction and development should be coordinated with the overall urban traffic. Therefore, how to better integrate rail transit is crucial. The IC system is connected as an information link between the subsystems of urban traffic, and the difference in the type of IC card is equivalent to the node of the information link. Combined with the current situation of urban traffic, from the perspective of resource integration, the existing ticket can be selectively selected. Resources, such as the city's issued bus cards, citizen cards, etc., to achieve the function of bus and track card. Method and principle for the establishment of ticket inspection plan The development of the ticketing scheme for modern trams is a complicated process. It is necessary to analyze the various factors affecting the way of ticket sales, and combine the advantages and disadvantages of different ways of ticket inspection to compare the options. It can be divided into two forms: First, the whole line agreed to sell tickets The trams across the line use the same method of ticket inspection. In this form, it is possible to make assumptions about the different ticketing modes of the whole station, and make assumptions about different operating conditions for various influencing factors. The influencing factors are compared and selected for different working conditions, and the optimal solution is selected. Second, the non-full line of unified ticket sales In this form, it is first necessary to select the main way of selling tickets according to the form of unified ticket sales. Then, based on this, select some stations with special needs or characteristics for research, and develop them from the station and the whole line. Sale ticketing plan The formulation of the ticket-picking method needs to be combined with the analysis and trade-off of many influencing factors in the design, construction and operation of trams. At the same time, taking into account the characteristics of various ways of selling tickets, it is recommended that the principle of the ticketing scheme for the sale of trams in China is : Under the single fare system, it is advisable to use the non-full line of ticket sales method, which is mainly based on the sale of tickets on the road and the ticket for sale outside the vehicle. Under the taxi fare system, it is advisable to use the full line of “external ticket inspectionâ€. Unified ticket sales method. Sensor Trash Can,Foot Sensor Automatic Dustbin,Foot Sensor Dustbin,Foot Sensor Trash Can NINGBO ZIXING ELECTRONIC CO.,LTD. , https://www.zixingautobin.com
