The Chinese people are known for their love of the Redwoods. The furniture works of the Ming and Qing Dynasties have basically smashed the mahogany culture for hundreds of years. The reason why mahogany furniture is so beautiful is that it is the preciousness of the materials, and the mahogany furniture is elegant, solemn and durable. Carrying the hope of the people to bless the peace, prosperity and perseverance. Today, entering the 21st century, the Chinese nation is experiencing a great rejuvenation. In this era of unprecedented prosperity and unprecedented unprecedented prosperity, the traditional mahogany furniture industry has ushered in an unprecedented development opportunity. In the prosperous times, we should cherish this great situation and care for this market. The standard clearly stipulates that only 33 species of five genera and eight species within the scope of this standard belong to mahogany. The five genera include: heartwood of the genus Pterocarpus, Dalbergia, Diospyros, genus and genus, and their density, structure and color (classified by mahogany in the deepening of the atmosphere) meet the standard requirements. The prerequisites for the wood. For specific data and 33 tree species, you can go online or check the relevant information. In recent years, we have made a realistic interpretation of the more common mahogany materials in the domestic market in Shanghai. First, rosewood: Pterocarpus (Pterocarpus) tree species, the wood moisture density of 12% when the air dry density is greater than 1.00g / cm3. In theory, the rosewood is a tree species of sandalwood rosewood, the main producing area of ​​India, generally has a very weak aroma, the new cut orange, long turn to deep purple or black purple. The raw materials generally enter the Chinese mainland through Myanmar, Nepal, Hong Kong and other places. Generally speaking, the Venus rosewood, bovine rosewood, blood sandalwood, and Indian lobular rosewood refer to this species. A small amount of wood in this tree species grows faster, looks like a thicker grain, and has a dry density of less than 1.00 g/cm3 at a moisture content of 12%. Strictly speaking, it does not belong to sandalwood rosewood. The industry is often referred to as "India Big Leaf Tan." Sandalwood sandalwoods generally range in diameter from 8cm to 18cm. The raw materials are mostly curved and hollow. Due to their relative scarcity, the endangered species listed in the CLES International Trade Convention is a national second-level protected wild plant. Value, the current market price ranges from 450,000 to 650,000 per ton, according to the quality. Raw materials with a diameter of 18 cm or more are hard to see, and the price has doubled, exceeding one million or more per ton. Second, rosewood: Pterocarpus (Pterocarpus) species, rosewood has more than Cambodian rosewood, Andaman rosewood, Hedgehog rosewood, Indian rosewood, large fruit rosewood, sacred rosewood and bird foot rosewood seven species, wood moisture content 12 The air dry density is more than 0.76g/cm3 at the time of %. For many years, the most commonly used in Shanghai is the large fruit rosewood, the origin of the Central South Peninsula, the aroma is rich (local people called fragrant mahogany), the color is orange, brick red or purple Small amount with dark stripes. The Burmese rosewood known in the industry is such a tree species. This material was imported from Thailand 15 years ago (called Thai Pear). Since the mid-1990s, there has been little supply of Thai food on the market. In recent years, there are more Burmese materials in the market, and Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia also have a small amount of imports. In fact, there is no obvious difference in the quality of this tree produced in the above countries. Plates, squares and logs are available on the market. Now the market price ranges from 12,000 to 15,000 per ton, according to the quality. Generally, the diameter is mainly from 30cm to 60cm, and more than 70cm is rare. Very rare to see more than 100cm in diameter, the price has also doubled. In the past two or three years, a variety of African Asian pears appeared in the market of redwoods in various markets. They were put on the market in the name of Southeast Asian rosewood. This tree pattern is very close to that of Southeast Asian rosewood, but as long as we carefully identify it, Difficult to distinguish: Compared with Southeast Asian rosewood, the tree color is generally shallow, yellowish and a little green grass. Natural furniture does not have the calmness and brightness of Southeast Asian rosewood. The wood itself has no strong aroma and even a smell. The market price of such materials generally costs between 3,000 and 4,000 yuan per ton. This material was tested as a hedgehog rosewood in the genus Rosewood in a college in other provinces and cities. This kind of material is difficult to promote in Shanghai, because Shanghai people buy rosewood only recognizes "fragrant mahogany", and it is difficult to see the white billet. Of course, if the business is listed from the perspective of seeking truth from facts, it is not unreasonable to go public at the right price. At the annual meeting of the China Furniture Association Redwood Traditional Furniture Professional Committee held in Xi'an in 2007, I was invited as the deputy director unit. At the meeting, relevant experts and scholars also discussed issues such as the environmental protection of mahogany materials and the development of new varieties. Some scholars and professors have unique insights on Huanghua Pear. He said: "Although the wild huanghua pear is almost extinct, China's Guangdong, Fujian and other southern regions are being artificially cultivated on a large scale. After 20 years, they can grow to the size of the bowl to cut down the market. Because it is artificial cultivation, it will not Restricted by the relevant departments." Such an argument has not been widely recognized by everyone. The insiders know that the mahogany material has a rather thick white skin besides the bark. The white skin of the huanghua pear is generally 5 to 7 cm thick, the diameter of the bowl is thick, and the core portion may only have chopsticks or less. Moreover, the material of the plant is related to factors such as climate, soil and environment. The artificial weight of huanghuali may be unknown in terms of specific gravity, density, and Metasequoia and Paulownia. I personally think that it is almost impossible for Huanghua pear to become a product within twenty years. 4. Black rosewood: Dalbergia tree species. When the wood moisture content is 12%, the air dry density is greater than 0.85g/cm3. There are knife-like black rosewood, black rosewood, broad-leaved Dalbergia, Lushi black. Dalbergia, East African black Dalbergia, Brazilian black Dalbergia, Amazonian Dalbergia and Belize Dalbergia. Here are some analysis of the few tree species that have been used in the market in recent years: 1. Knife-shaped black rosewood: origin of Burma, India, new cut purple or purple red brown, often with dark brown or chestnut brown deep stripes, the new cut has a sour aroma, the trunk is straight, usually 15 to 25cm in diameter, large Materials are rare. The tree heart is easy to fester, hollow, and the yield is low. At first glance, it is very similar to Burmese chicken wing wood. The market price is around 20,000 yuan per ton, and the market demand is not large. 2, broadleaf Dalbergia: origin of India, Indonesia, light golden brown, dark brown, purple brown or deep purple, often with purple and black stripes. The new cut has a sour aroma. It is understood that twenty or thirty years ago, in the original factory of Zhu Xing, the old factory had a small amount of use, and has not appeared in the local market. It was not until three years ago that it landed in the domestic mahogany market in a short time. At first, young practitioners did not know this material. The trunk was straight and the striped pores were relatively thick. When the wood moisture content was 12%, the air dry density was about 0.80g/cm3 or less and generally less than 0.85g/cm3. The price of materials is between 9000 and 12,000 yuan per ton, which is similar to the price of Burmese rosewood. Many manufacturers with greedy interests have been put into production on a large scale without market inspection. They are produced at the cost of rosewood and sold at the price of black rosewood. The profits are considerable. With many years of experience, it is not difficult to find that this material is quite far from the black rosewood we imagined. After investigation and analysis by many parties, it was found that this material is a plantation of the Indonesian islands, and the wild forest has been basically cut down decades ago. We know that tree age and density are the essential differences between wild and planted forests. From the perspectives of protecting the environment and recycling, it is beneficial to develop plantations, but we should also be responsible for consumers and make truthful propaganda. After all, plantations are not as good as the production costs and use, collection and wild materials. Because there is no reasonable development, this material is not generally accepted by consumers, and even the practitioners themselves are not recognized. A large backlog of products has withdrawn from the market early without being promoted. I hope we can learn from this and learn from it. 3, Lushi black Dalbergia: the origin of Madagascar, the new cut surface is orange-red, turned into deep purple for a long time, the acid aroma is weak. This species was imported into China in the mid-1990s, and it appeared in the market in a relatively short period of time. Before the introduction of the national standard of mahogany, several wood inspection departments of other provinces and cities have identified this tree as “san sandalwood sandalwoodâ€, and a few merchants took the opportunity to make a fortune. The redwood national standard defines this species as the category of black rosewood. The diameter of the raw material is generally 20 to 30 cm, and there is also a very small amount of caliber of about 50 cm. The current market price is around 80,000 to 120,000 per ton. The wood fiber of this material is different from the general mahogany material, and the special wood color of this material is suitable for making clear antique furniture and wood carving works. The market refers to the African big leaf sandalwood generally refers to this tree species. 4, East African black Dalbergia: the origin of East Africa, black brown to black purple brown, often with black stripes, no acid aroma or very weak. This tree appeared on the market as ebony three or five years ago and has a certain supply. When the wood moisture content is 12%, the air dry density should be no less than 1.2g/cm3, which is one of the most important mahogany materials on the market. The caliber is generally 20 to 30 cm, and the small amount is 30 to 50 cm. The trunk is generally curved, the center is burst, and the yield is very low. The market price is 5,000 to 7,000 yuan per ton. The industry said that the purple sandalwood refers to this material. Product cost and knife-like black rosewood are close to or low. There are a few merchants in the industry who fool consumers in the name of black rosewood and get huge profits. 5. Red rosewood: Dalbergia tree species. When the moisture content of wood is 12%, the air-dry density is not less than 0.85g/cm3. There are Barry Dalbergia, Sai Dang, Sandalwood, Dalbergia, and Dalbergia. Seven species of Daffodil, Central American Dalbergia, Dwarf Dalbergia and Dwarf Dalbergia: 1, Sian rosewood: origin of the Central South Peninsula, the new cut purple red brown or dark red brown, often with dark brown or chestnut brown deep stripes, acid aroma or weak. This local local people used to call it old mahogany or red rosewood, and Beijing called mahogany. The trunk diameter is usually 15 to 30 cm, 30 cm to 50 cm, and 50 cm or more. The current market price is between 40,000 and 60,000 yuan per ton. According to the color, the yield rate, the size of the caliber and other reasons, the quality is discussed. Grade A is 80,000 to 100,000 yuan or more per ton. The market demand is large. There are a few old materials in the Sian rosewood, and the density is extremely high. The friends of the old mahogany furniture are usually used to repair the old mahogany furniture. A few unscrupulous people use this material to make distressed furniture, and then the ancient goods blind consumers to obtain huge profits. 2, A. sinensis: the origin of the Central South Peninsula, the new cut lemon red, red brown to deep red brown, often with obvious black stripes, the new cut surface has a sour aroma or weak. The caliber is generally 15 to 30 cm, 30 to 50 cm is rare, 50 cm or more is rare, and the trunk is relatively straight. The current market price is between 1.5 and 20,000 yuan per ton, according to the quality. The bulk material is 30,000 yuan per ton or higher. This material is commonly known in the industry as squid or red rosewood, and Beijing is called new mahogany. The market demand is large. In fact, Sian rosewood and A. sinensis, although two species of trees, are generally not distinguished when they are mixed in the virgin forest. Before and after the import and export were also mixed. In the local old mahogany furniture, these two materials are usually mixed. The old mahogany that Shanghai locals have been calling is the red rosewood and the flowering branches. It is also called the flowering branch of purple rosewood and purple pear. Young practitioners have not understood much. Here, I am responsible for the authentic Southeast Asian red rosewood commonly used in today's rosewood industry. There are only two kinds of materials: Sian rosewood (commonly known as Siamese rosewood) and A. arborescens (commonly known as red rosewood and squid). No matter the quality of the same tree species from Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, there is no obvious difference. The price of raw materials is generally different from the level of finished products. 3, Barry Dalbergia: the national standard introduces the origin of Asia, the new face purple red brown or dark red brown, often with dark brown or chestnut brown pinstripes, no acid aroma or very weak. Although the national standard has been introduced, the mahogany raw materials are generally dependent on imports, and the materials are very useful, and ordinary employees have no access. By the first half of 2008, this species had barely appeared in the domestic market, and the most senior old master in Shanghai had never seen this species. Around the end of 2008, a strange phenomenon was quietly changing in the city's redwood industry. Many merchants made Barry Dalbergia furniture available for listing overnight. At the same time, Aussie Dalbergia, which originally occupied the largest market share in the local market, disappeared in the market of these manufacturers and quit the company's rosewood. stage. As soon as you change the sign, you can quickly increase your sales performance in a short period of time. That is to say, the reaction is slow, and the business of the Aussie Dalbergia is in a silent and bears the price. And this "Barry fashion" is getting worse and stronger, and it has scratched every corner of the industry, and it has gone from behind the scenes to the stage. The good guys also made a comprehensive analysis and comparison between "Bari" and "Australia". There is a tendency to "shun it, and then to die", which makes the employees of this position uneasy. Recently, there is a small amount of red rosewood commonly known as "Bari Sang" in the material market. The origin of Madagascar, the new face is purple-brown and then turned dark brown, and the dark Aussie Dalbergia (some merchants called Bally Dalbergia) is very Similarly, the price of raw materials is 11,000 to 15,000 yuan per ton. This material was inspected as a black rosewood in an inspection department in other provinces and cities, so a few merchants also mixed with Lushi black and yellow sandalwood, hoping to draw everyone's attention. Six: Ebony: Diospyros tree species, there are four species of ebony, thick ebony, medicinal ebony and poncho eucalyptus, black and black, the air dry density is greater than 0.90g/cm3 when the wood moisture content is 12%. Ebony materials have always been rare in the market, and furniture is generally semi-finished products imported from Southeast Asia. Therefore, it is difficult to see more refined products in the furniture market. The finished product price is generally lower than that of the red rosewood (A. sylvestris). Seven: striped ebony: Diospyros tree species, there are two species of Sulawesi ebony and Philippine ebony, the air dry density is greater than 0.90g/cm3 when the wood moisture content is 12%. Sulawesi ebony, origin Indonesia, black or chestnut brown with dark stripes, no aroma, this material is regarded as a national treasure in Indonesia, no round wood exports, the market is generally supplied with 5 to 15 plates, the market price is 15,000 to 60000 Yuan/ton, usually based on the quality of the stripes, this grade of general grade A material is used in high-end decoration. Furniture material patterns are usually poor. Market supply and demand are not large. There is a substitute material available on the market, the pattern is thick and unclear, and consumers should be careful and carefully discern. Eight: chicken wing wood: Millettia and Cassia tree species, there are three species of African yamu wood, white flower yamu wood and iron knives, the air dry density is greater than 12% moisture content of the material 0.80 g/cm3. 1, white flowers and peas, the origin of Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and other places also have a small amount of growth, black brown or black brown with black stripes, near the heart of the tree is very similar to the chicken wings, it is called chicken wing wood. The trunk is relatively straight, and the caliber is generally 20 cm to 40 cm. More than 40% of the market materials are generally less than 12,000 to 15,000 yuan per ton. The core part of the tree is usually cracked with limestone, the yield is relatively low, the product stability is poor, and the market demand is not large. The industry is also called Ding Wenmu. 2, African yamu wood, the origin of the Congo. Black brown with black stripes, this material is relatively low density and thicker than the white flower pea. The color of the material is yellowish and shallow. The trunk is generally 20 to 50 centimeters, the market raw material is 5,000 to 7,000 yuan / ton, the tree core is generally not cracked, and the yield is high. As mentioned above: African yamu wood and white flower yamu are relatively close in pattern and tree color, but there are actually many differences: African yamu wood is lighter and yellowish than white peas. To be significantly lower, the cost of the finished product should be less than half, and consumers should be reminded to carefully purchase. Ordinary consumers tend to think that the color is the deepest, the highest proportion, and the material with relatively small material is the most expensive, which is not comprehensive. Among the more than ten kinds of materials that have appeared in the market in recent years, the deepest color is the black and yellow sandalwood of East Africa, commonly known as purple sandalwood. Its raw material price is the lowest, only 5,000 to 7,000 yuan per ton. Compared with the price in the first place, the scented rosewood, commonly known as huanghuali, has a relatively low specific gravity and usually floats in water. Although it is almost extinct, there are a very small number of plates with a width of 50 to 70 cm on the hands of collectors, asking for several million yuan per ton. The price of raw materials is mainly determined by the scarcity, the aesthetics of wood grain and the demand for products. It is not directly related to the proportion. The price of raw materials covered in this article can only represent the current basic price of the region. . Unconventional materials that are rarely found in the current market mentioned in the national standard of the Redwood, this article will not be interpreted. In this city, only the National Furniture Quality Supervision and Inspection Center and the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Wood Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Station are directly under the jurisdiction of the two inspection departments, and the third or other provincial and municipal inspection institutions issued inspection results. None of them has a legal effect. Remind practitioners and consumers in this industry not to be fooled. Although Shanghai is a new metropolis, it has a long-standing mahogany culture, indicating which city is the real birthplace of mahogany furniture. Moreover, the Yangtze River Delta region centered on Shanghai has always been the place where mahogany production and sales are most prosperous. Now there are a number of local teachers who have retired from the old factory, and the locals are relatively rigorous and savvy. The country's first mahogany local standard DB31/181-1996 "Redwood Furniture Product Labeling Regulations" was formulated in Shanghai. It was promoted in the 1990s, and the habit of buying mahogany first to see the white billet has been passed down to the present, and the two national authoritative inspection departments of the National Furniture Quality Supervision and Inspection Center and the Shanghai Timber Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Station are also responsible and serious. The quality of personnel is relatively high. Many large-scale foreign brands have difficulty in opening up the situation in Shanghai, not only because of the general workmanship, but also because the materials are not reassuring to the Shanghainese, plus the rapid rise of local brands in recent years. Many brands are not only deeply rooted in the hearts of users in this city. It has also established a very good reputation in the national market mainly in terms of concept innovation, product quality and integrity materials. With many years of first-line production experience, people can understand deeply. Only by practicing it can experience the truth. Our speech today must stand the test of time. Those actions that only obscure the interests of the consumers will only harm the person and the disadvantages. They will only lift the stone and lick their own feet. Let us work together in a down-to-earth, serious and responsible attitude, and guide consumers to the healthy development of the traditional mahogany industry. The monks are here to discuss matters, and they do not intend to target any colleagues and friends. If they have different opinions, they will also look forward to Haihan.
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However, with the continuous deepening of the market economy, the expansion of the mahogany market, the growing ranks of the workforce, and the inequality of knowledge and information among consumers and businesses, the mahogany market often has mixed eyes, shoddy, etc. A phenomenon occurs. In the spirit of seeking truth from facts in the market and consumers, and in the spirit of seeking truth from facts, we first made some discussions on the mahogany materials in accordance with the National Standard GB/T18107-2000 "Redwood" of the People's Republic of China. communication.
Third, the fragrant wood species: Dalbergia (Dalbergia) tree species, the wood moisture density of 12% when the air dry density is greater than 0.80g / cm3. Strictly speaking, there is only one species of fragrant wood, namely, fragrant Dalbergia. The origin of China's Hainan, Vietnam, Laos and other countries also have a small amount of growth. The material is purple reddish brown or deep reddish brown, often with black stripes, the new cut surface is spicy, the smell is rich, and the smell is slightly fragrant. Due to the specific geographical location and soil quality and climate of Haiwang Island, Hainan huanghuali has the following characteristics: Vietnam is relatively high in density, pores are fine, wood grain is clear and beautiful, and ghost faces are compared. many. At present, a small amount of used materials are mostly used to recycle used materials, plus many years of oxidation, so the color is more stable, no fire. Compared with Vietnamese huanghuali, the production is faster, and most of them are new materials, so the color is relatively bright and the proportion is relatively light. The price of huanghuali has increased from several thousand yuan per ton 20 years ago to 20,000 yuan a ton ten years ago, to over one million yuan a ton in the past two years, and has grown several times in a few times. Now, whether it is in Hainan, China, Laos, Vietnam, etc., this plant is facing extinction. Nearly one centimeter of thick roots or furniture scraps are priced at six digits per ton. In addition, the scented rosewood is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, which means that the sawing foam has considerable medicinal value. In a short period of time, it was arbitrarily felled and digging three feet to cause the disaster. The scented rosewood has been listed as a national second-level protected wild plant along with Indian sandalwood and other species, and is an endangered species of the CTES International Trade Convention. Since Huanghua Pear has soared in price in the last three to five years, although it is almost extinct, a few collectors still have it, but only a small amount. There are very few people who have 40 to 70 wide sheets on their hands, but they are all sporadic. They are less than one piece and cannot be recovered. The price is several million yuan per ton or higher.
China's market economy has come to this day, as the pursuit of profit maximization is completely understandable, but it is not advisable to use such means to seek benefits, and integrity is the foundation of the company. We should proceed from the long-term interests, seek truth from facts, and take them seriously. In our industry, if everyone is eager for quick success and no public trust, then it is really coming to an end. Should I change the A. sinensis to Bahuang Dalbergia or the purple-brown A. sinensis? The reader is well aware of it.