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[Subject] Engraving version of the photosensitive screen printing version of fabric complementary advantages
1. Comparison of printing characteristics
If the use of literary language for the image of the description, the lithographed version and the photographic screen version is undoubtedly "a twin brother of a different image." Larger plate printing operation differences, different printing effects, application, wide elastic flexibility and different customer requirements, such as the two mother trees born on the common mother's soil, showing their own colorful colors, a huge bounty The vitality.
The engraved version of the process is original and simple. The original contains simplicity, simple simplicity of operation. Primitive and simple, but at the same time uncovered, revealing the characteristics of poor reducibility. Traditional cutting plates, even after more than a thousand years, entered the 1980s, we can also see the printing of short-sleeved shirts, armbands, banners, and other fabrics in some hand-printed stores in the Central Plains region of China. .
At present, the seal used in printing stores is usually a plastic film base, a thick paperboard, and a tough paper base material to depict and write graphics. After sharp engraving, the water-based printing paste is used to complete the printing of fabrics. A practical and simple process is more commonly used in business supplements at the banners processing shop, craftsmanship agency, print shop, photocopy shop, and computer service center. The substrates are mainly needle textiles. In the printing process, stencil printing bases, printing pastes, brushes, metal screens, screen screens, screens, etc. are used. Manual engraving and manual printing are used. The printing equipment (tools) used are simple and the printing fineness is poor, but the plate making (printing) and the printing process are relatively simple and easy to operate. It is easier to meet the market demands for urgency, relatively wide quality requirements, and low printing costs. .
Photographic screen printing is modern and complicated. Its modernity and complexity are mainly due to the relative progress and improvement of the platemaking process and the printing level. In the case of platemaking alone, the photosensitive screen plate uses physical, chemical, and optical means to coat or transfer the photosensitive adhesive and film on the screen to achieve fine or extremely fine graphic effects, and then to squeegee the form. The aqueous paste is printed on the fabric. As far as printing machinery is concerned, manual, semi-automatic, 3/4 automatic and fully-automatic mass production has been achieved. It is widely used in the printing and printing of garments, fabrics, cloth accessories, fabric badges, handkerchiefs, and pennants. Compared to the cutting version, the printing of the sensitized screen printing plate has a high degree of fineness, and the plate making and printing are difficult. It requires a skilled worker with certain practical experience to complete. Plate printing equipment, equipment, large investment, high efficiency, most suitable for mass printing of fine fabrics.
In the practice of screen printing, we complemented the advantages of serigraphy and stencil printing fabrics, and made some useful explorations, which we have now sorted out and discussed with our screen printing counterparts.
2. The advantages of the stencil and stencil version
In the printing process of the stencil printing plate, the printing process of "brushing" printing is accomplished by moving the special printing tool of the water-based printing paste on the surface of the fabric.
When the brush is printed, more or less of the slurry is drawn by the brush. In the process of brushing, the brush may be light or heavy due to artificial force, which may cause images to be mixed, and the plate base may not be effectively fixed. , Micro-displacement will occur in the printing process, there are defects such as dirty, exposed bottom, uneven shade, color splash, misplaced, text distortion (aliasing) and other printing defects. Furthermore, in order to ensure that the mesh is transparent and does not form a blocking mesh, more screens and screen mesh materials are used to make a low-mesh screen version, resulting in “grid†failures of the grid marks on the printed products. , Due to the poor adjustment of the printing ink preparation, the formed printing ink is infiltrated (diffusion, bleeding). Hanging these banner-like prints on high ground, looking from afar, we can't see how much trouble there is, but when we look closely, the print quality is extremely rough.
Most of the screens used in the photosensitive screen printing are selected nylon (nylon) screens and polyester (polyester) screens. This type of wire mesh has high tensile strength, small elongation at break, resilience, stability in temperature and humidity resistance, ink passability, good resistance to chemicals, and good resistance to screen printing. occur. In addition, when squeegee is used, the polyurethane rubber scraper is used, the edge of the blade is smooth, the pressure is uniform, the thickness of the ink layer is the same, and the printing effect is obviously better than the stencil.
The excellent quality of the cutting version lies in the rapidity of plate making; the advantages of the photosensitive screen version are the superiority of plate making and printing. As the saying goes: "The ruler is short and the inch is good." Both the engraved version and the screen-sensitive version have extremely wide market demands. Whether it is "sesame" or "watermelon", as screen printing companies, especially small screen printing companies, individual screen printers, should not bother with each other.
3. The main method of complementary advantages
3.1 Screen Stretching Method
Due to the selection of metal screens and screen screens made of large-pore mesh materials, the use of screen printing needle textiles to print, the biggest print defect is that the graphics are not fine enough. Only the fine arts base of the operating workers and the exquisite hand-engraving techniques can complete some simple brush printing with more than 4.5cm×4.5cm characters or patterns.
The use of nylon (nylon) screens or polyester (Polyester) screens that are much smaller than metal screens and screens can effectively improve the accuracy and quality of brush printing. The use of screen stretching nets, screen printing armbands, short banners, pennants, flags, are favored by customers. It is recommended to use this method when printing characters with an area of ​​50cm x 50cm or more and a length of more than 10m. For details of the operation process, please refer to the author's article “Cutter-cutting screen printing needle textile technology†(originally published in the 3rd issue of Screen Printing Industry magazine).
3.2 stencil-based printing method
Usually, newspapers and copy papers are used to engrave, and they are scratched with a stretched screen plate and a scraper. Such as in short-sleeved shirts, vests, sports shorts squeegee printing company name, number, advertising content and so on. This method eliminates many of the complicated platemaking processes of the stencil screen and shortens the platemaking cycle. If the computer configuration pin printer output hollow text on the copy paper, after the engraving, put a screen version of the squeegee. After the first fabric is squeegeeed, the paste naturally binds the substrate to the screen. In order to prevent the creases of the printing plate base from being displaced, it is also possible to use a transparent tape paste base and a screen plate to be glued together, and then scrape the printing plate. Engraved plate base of copy paper, the life span of each print is usually within 100 times. This method is most suitable when covering dark fabrics (fabric) with light-colored pastes such as white and yellow.
1 technical characteristics
Rapid plate making and good results. It is suitable for squeegee printing of black body, line sculpting, and Weibei inscription of 2cm×2cm.
2 printing rate
The printing rate is usually 50 to 100 impressions.
3 engraving requirements
The key strokes of the text should be reserved. The principle of reserve rifling is that as little as possible, the narrower the width of the stern line, the better. The width of the squatting line reserved for skilled workers is only 0.5 mm.
4 selection of wire mesh
Use 80 mesh to 150 mesh to stretch the net, the greater the degree of tension, the better.
5 examples
We have received orders for more than 200 garrison express printing orders. In the area of ​​30cm x 20cm, we need to print 4.5cm x 4.5cm Weibei fonts, 7 fonts, 2cm x 2cm characters, and 1 badge. Conventional procedures for the production of water-resistant light-sensitive screen version, output laser ink draft, stretch net, preparation of photosensitive adhesive, printing version, etc. at least 4 hours, plus vest printing and drying after printing, it is difficult to meet the emergency requirements. To this end, we have adopted on-site design and solicited opinions from users, output hollow texts and seals, and scratched the screen with a pre-extended screen. A 3-person screen printing team was formed to print and dry the product. The order was completed in only 2 hours in terms of quality and quantity. It was praised by customers and claimed that our printing was a "quick response, military style." A few days later, they also took the initiative to add hundreds of short-sleeved shirts and sports shorts for text and number printing orders.
3.3 Engraving promptly paste screen printing method
Using the stickiness of sticking on time, the well-printed and glued side is glued on the screen plate to squeegee. This method is very suitable for printing plates with small print size, small size, and hard to engrave. If the text is less than 1.5cm × 1.5cm, it is difficult to complete by hand-scribbing method, and the use of computer engraving machine to engrave such text, repost, it is handy, very fast.
1 technical characteristics
Inscriptions that are written in a timely manner need to be engraved with anti-words, and the anti-words must be pasted on the back of the screen (contacting the surface of the printing material). If the pasting and pasting text is pasted on the front of the screen, it will inevitably result in text displacements due to scratching. Shedding, resulting in waste products. In addition, special attention should be paid to the printing, the back of the screen should be facing the printing version of the light source, that is, the light source can directly shine on the text, otherwise the previous work is abandoned.
2 printing rate
The printing rate is more than a hundred times.
3.4 Sealing and Placing Photosensitive Printing Squeegee
With a computerized cutting plotter, after applying the engraved characters to the thin, translucent lacquer, the tempo will be transferred and pasted on the screen that has been stretched, coated, and dried on a water-based light-sensitive screen plate in accordance with the design position. Exposure for 1 minute (reference time), when stenciling, immerse all the screens in water and gently peel off the stenciled, time-sensitive stickers until all screens are flushed.
1 technical characteristics
Plate making is quick and effective. It is suitable for the squeegee of most fonts in more than 1cm×1cm characters and more than 40 computer common fonts.
2 printing rate
The printing rate is the same as that of the stencil screen, and the screen life reaches 30,000 impressions.
3 Timely stickers and pasting, printing method
a. The plastic side will be affixed in time, affixed to the printer glass, so that the back of the screened version of the coated and dried sensitized adhesive (contacting the substrate) is placed on the stencil. During the printing, it is necessary to place a heavy object on the plate to press it tightly, or use a vacuum suction device to print, so as to avoid the failure of the plate making due to the inconsistency of the lamination.
b. It is also possible to paste the glue on one side of the pasted text and paste it on the inner surface (touching the ink surface) of the coated and dried photosensitive adhesive screen plate. The paste of the screen plate will be affixed to the printing plate. No heavy objects press the screen.
c. Press the b method to stick and paste the text, and then print the screen in sunlight. This method is suitable for drying large screens in sunny weather.
4 examples
At the beginning of 1999, we received a 500 order for textile printing business, requiring printing of more than 3,000 2cm×2cm words and 80 15cm×15cm words on over 8m long and 2m wide white cotton fabrics. , green 3 colors, and large quantities, to be anxious. According to the usual practice, it is necessary to output laser ink drafts. Even if a large-scale laser printer capable of outputting A3 format is selected, nearly one hundred laser drafts must be used to make impositions. The cost is quite high, and it is difficult to use imposition and printing is difficult. If it is both laborious and time consuming to use hand-drawn ink, it is still difficult. If it is both laborious and time-consuming to use hand-drawn ink, it is still difficult. We chose the laser cutting plotter to make a timely paste, daylight printing, saving more than one thousand yuan plate-making costs. And the effect is very good, the imprint rate is about 30,000 times, shortening the plate-making schedule, delivering the printed product in a timely and high-quality way, and also obtaining a lot of economic benefits. The customer said: "I did not expect a small screen printing company in an ordinary county to do the living so well."
3.5 Printing photosensitive screen plate by imprint method
This method is only used by accident. Originally based on limitations of the mimeograph layout, it was impossible to mimeograph 4 sheets of open-faced paper, and an attempt was made to make a photosensitive screen plate and use a mimeograph roller to print a photosensitive screen plate. Later, on the basis of the imprinted stencil version, he focused on the exploration of wall advertising.
The advantages of the serigraphy and stencil printing fabric
[Abstract] This article briefly analyzes the unique advantages of engraving and stencil printing in fabric printing, and outlines several ways to achieve the complementary advantages of fabric printing.