□ Combustible ice, also known as methane hydrate, is a white crystal formed by the combination of methane gas and water molecules. It can burn like natural gas. It usually exists in the seabed stratum of the continental shelf and the permanently frozen regions of the earth's poles. Combustible ice is seen as a new energy source that is expected to replace coal and petroleum □ After years of research by researchers, 11 combustible ice ore bodies were delineated in the Shenhu sea area in the northern part of the South China Sea. The total area of ​​the ore-bearing area is about 22 square kilometers. The average effective thickness of the ore layer is about 20 meters. Meter Core tips On May 27, the reporter learned from the Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Bureau of the Ministry of Land and Resources: China ’s first self-designed combustible ice comprehensive survey ship "Ocean No. 6" has recently penetrated into the northern part of the South China Sea again to carry out new reforms on combustible ice resources A round of "precision investigation". What is the key content of this "accurate investigation"? What are the prospects of China's combustible ice exploration and development? Please see the reporter's report. "Ocean Six" went deep into the northern area of ​​the South China Sea to conduct an "accurate investigation" In the deep sea area with a water depth of 1600 meters in the northern part of the South China Sea, the investigators on Ocean Six are preparing to drop a gravity sampler into the sea. This instrument can obtain sediment samples on the seabed by the action of gravity to analyze whether the sea area contains combustible ice. It is understood that "combustible ice" is a compound that combines methane and water molecules under the condition of low temperature and high pressure. It is named after it looks like an ice block but can burn. It is a new energy source with high combustion value, clean and pollution-free. , Widely distributed and huge reserves. Scientists even claim that it is a new energy source capable of satisfying human use for 1000 years and is the first choice for replacing traditional energy sources such as oil and coal in the future. For the study of marine flammable ice, China started in 1995 and successfully obtained physical samples of flammable ice in May 2007, becoming the fourth country in the world to discover flammable ice through national development projects. At the end of 2010, the “Report on the Drilling Achievements of Natural Gas Hydrates in the Shenhu Northern Waters of the South China Sea†completed by the Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey passed the final review. Show good resource potential. However, there is still a considerable distance between the speculated reserves and the actual development and utilization. For this reason, "Ocean VI" has once again penetrated into the northern area of ​​the South China Sea for a new round of "precision investigation." The surveyed waters include Qiongdongnan waters, Xisha waters, Shenhu waters and Dongsha waters. The focus of the investigation is to delineate the key exploration areas on the basis of the preliminary exploration in the northern South China Sea and prepare for the next step of more precise exploration work. Submarine camera, submarine robot, deep water multi-beam, etc., comprehensively used for submarine detection Participating in the “Precision Investigation†of the flammable ice in the northern waters of the South China Sea, “Ocean VI†is the first natural gas hydrate comprehensive survey ship independently designed and constructed by China based on the characteristics of China ’s sea area and marine geological needs. It focuses on the investigation of natural gas hydrate resources on the seabed, and also takes into account the investigation of other marine geology and marine mineral resources. According to reports, the "Ocean Six" has a length of 106 meters, a width of 17.4 meters, a maximum draught of 5.7 meters, a designed displacement of 4,600 tons, and an endurance of 15,000 nautical miles. The survey ship has adopted international advanced technology and equipment such as electric propulsion system, dynamic positioning, and full-rotation rudder propeller. It is equipped with a 4000-meter deep sea underwater robot "Haishi", deep-water multi-beam sounding system, deep-water shallow formation profile system, etc. The total cost is 400 million yuan, and the equipment conditions are second to none in China's marine geological survey team. "Ocean Six" was listed in October 2009, and its inclusion greatly accelerated the pace of investigation of China's marine flammable ice. It is expected that in the next few years, China will complete the census of combustible ice resources in relevant sea areas. In the detailed survey area of ​​the survey, "Ocean Six" has deployed a large number of advanced detection equipment and various comprehensive means, including submarine cameras, ROV submarine robots, etc., and more advanced methods such as deep water multi-beam and submarine electromagnetics have been added to detect Distribution of hydrates. According to reports, if the sampling conditions are met, it is planned to drill again next year to obtain new samples of combustible ice. China's South China Sea has great potential for flammable ice resources, and the flammable ice reserves in the Shenhu area are about 19.4 billion cubic meters It is understood that the exploration and development of combustible ice is a systematic engineering, involving many disciplines, such as marine geology, geophysics, geochemistry, fluid dynamics, thermodynamics, drilling engineering, geological experiment technology and marine environment. Therefore, although the global ocean floor is rich in combustible ice, due to the complex mining and extraction technology, it may also bring geological and climatic disasters, so most countries are still cautious about mining combustible ice. For this "accurate investigation", the Shenhu area in the northern South China Sea as a flammable ice enrichment area is one of the key points of the investigation. It is understood that in the past few years, the researchers delineated 11 combustible ice ore bodies in the 140-square-kilometer drilling target area. The total area of ​​the ore-bearing area is about 22 square kilometers. The average effective thickness of the ore bed is about 20 meters. 19.4 billion cubic meters; hydrate-rich formation gas in the drilling area is mainly methane, and its average content is as high as 98.1%, mainly caused by microbial genesis gas. According to reports, the combustible ice reserves in the northern part of the South China Sea are only the “tip of the iceberg†of China's combustible ice reserves. In the Xisha Trough, scientific research personnel have preliminarily encircled a flammable ice distribution area of ​​5,242 square kilometers, and its resources are estimated to be 4.1 trillion cubic meters; in other areas of the South China Sea, there are also necessary conditions for the existence of natural gas hydrates ... In this regard, investigators said that the general survey of combustible ice resources in other areas of the South China Sea will also begin this year in order to grasp the potential of combustible ice resources in the South China Sea.
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