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The ODS process operates under mild conditions: 200°F and 100 lb/in2. No hydrogen is consumed during the process. This process is most suitable for the final processing stage of the fuel product and meets the final sulfur specification of the fuel product. Because the process does not use hydrogen and the process conditions are moderated, the investment reduction is particularly applicable to small and medium-scale refineries.
Lyondell's ODS process uses an organic peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). TBHP is completely soluble in fuel for ease of use. The ODS process flow is as follows: The fuel and TBHP are sent to the oxidation reactor, TBHP is dissolved in the fuel and in the first reactor, the sulfur in the fuel is oxidized to cesium under the action of the catalyst. In the second reactor, unreacted TBHP is separated from the fuel product. The helium produced in the fuel is extracted with solvent in the extraction tower. The solvent enters from the bottom of the extraction column and moves from the bottom up to the fuel in the opposite direction to extract the helium contained in the fuel. The hydrazine-containing solvent is withdrawn from the top of the extraction column and passed into the distillation column for regeneration. The regenerated solvent is withdrawn from the top of the distillation column and recycled back to the extraction column. The crucible is drawn from the bottom of the distillation column and sent to a coking unit or a bioprocessing unit.
The oxidative desulfurization process produces co-production of tert-butyl alcohol and t-butyl alcohol can be used as a diluent to recover TBHP. Tert-butyl alcohol can also be converted to methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) or isooctane and can also be used as a refinery fuel.
At present, oxidative desulfurization technology has been demonstrated on medium-sized test devices, which can produce low-sulfur diesel and gasoline. Industrial amplifying work focuses on the scale-up production of low-sulfur diesel. The medium-sized tester can produce diesel with less than 10 ppm of sulfur.
Diesel oxidation desulfurization process
Recently, Lyondell Chemical Company demonstrated the new Oxidation Desulfurization (ODS) method using hydroperoxide oxidants to remove sulfurous materials from fuel products. ODS technology changes the polarity of sulfur-containing substances, and then separates sulfur-containing substances by ordinary methods such as solvent extraction or adsorption. The method is said to be very effective for those refractory sulfur compounds, especially 4,6 disubstituted dibenzothiophenes.