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From the historical literature both at home and abroad, we can find a large number of cases, indicating that in ancient China, we not only climbed more than six kilometers above sea level for climbing techniques and knowledge, but also had a lot of experience about mountain common sense and mountain diseases and their treatment and prevention.
There is such a story: In June 1955, several Chinese youths learned the techniques and tactics of mountaineering in the European Caucasus Mountains. An enthusiastic foreign coach told them the "knot" lesson in mountaineering. The first "knot" he taught was the "Brink knot." It is this "Brink knot" that is listed as one of the key points in the "knot" chapter of the technical class in the mountain climbing technology books published by various countries in the world. At that time, the coach taught the students how to tie and untie the "Brink knot" and explained its various uses; and introduced its origins: In 1513, the Dutch seaman Brin tugged on a boat At the time, it hit a knot. The characteristics of the knot are solid, even if the rope is broken, the knot will not be free. Later, people applied it again to mountaineering. The techniques of knot formation, river crossing, traction, and protection were all inseparable from it. The "Brink knot" played a major role.
However, after these youths returned to China, in a support meal, they discovered that when the villagers used ropes to steer the horses in the trough, it was actually this "Brink knot!" The breeder called it the "buckhorse"; and they found that the method of banding was easier than foreign ones. Two years later, in the lecture hall for beginners in China, a student who came from the army said that the knot was used when the farmer bolted a large animal in rural Henan. A student from Jiangxi also said. People in his hometown also use this rope to knot and hunt horses; when they go up the mountain, they also use such knots to hang rope on the rocks and branches to protect the flowers from flying. Later, they also visited the outskirts of Beijing. Some old breeders also said that the so-called "Brink knot" is the "horse buckle." By 1964, a Chinese climbing team coach had seen the Tang Dynasty frescoes at the Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province. It was seen 1,300 or 400 years ago that our ancestors had widely applied this knot. It was about a thousand years earlier than the time when the Dutch invented the "Brink knot."
In the Han Dynasty of China, the friendly exchanges between China and the Western countries have begun. In his "Historical Records" written by the famous historian Sima Qian in 91 BC, there were records about the Tianshan, Kunlun Mountains, Snow Mountain and Congling Mountains.
As early as 138 BC, Emperor Wudi sent Zhang Qi as a special envoy to conduct friendly activities in various countries in the Western Regions. The envoys led by Zhang Hao climbed over the greenery and arrived in the countries of Central Asia such as Taejeong, Dawan, Kangju, and Daxia; and they lived in these places for 13 years. Back to Chang'an. Soon, Zhang Hao led the envoy to the second round of Western countries. This time, he crossed the iceberg and snow ridge to Wusunguo. At the same time, he also sent his deputies to visit Dawan, Kangju, Daxia, and the rest of the country. It laid the foundation for the economic and cultural development and exchanges between China and the Western countries.
Early mountaineering activities in our country
China is one of the world’s most famous ancient civilizations. It has a long history and brilliant culture and art. During the Han and Tang dynasties, it was an era in which China’s history was relatively liberal politically, social stability, and economic, cultural, and artistic prosperity. Therefore, the friendly exchanges with neighboring countries are also relatively frequent. At that time, the main targets were the Western countries, namely today's India, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Central Asia’s Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and other places. At that time, it was necessary to climb the icebergs and thousands of miles of snow-capped mountains in order to reach these areas. The main route was to climb the Congling and Karakoram Passes of the Pamirs, five to six kilometers above sea level. Because of this, the early alpine climbing activities in our country were mainly produced in this area. This also shows that as early as in the Western Han Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago, there was a mountain climbing activity.