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Among the synthetic photodegradable plastics, the production of polyacyl-butyrate (PHB) and polyacylvalerate (PHV) is the largest. The annual production of Zeneca in the United Kingdom reaches 1,000 tons. Its performance is similar to that of polyethylene and polypropylene, and the price is About 10 times that of polyethylene. France's Danone Dairy Company recently exhibited to the public a yogurt box and cup made from sugar beet. The basic raw material of this ecological box (cup) is beet, which is converted into lactic acid by fermentation, and then the water is extracted to form propyl ester, which is then processed into polymil ester, and becomes a light and strong material after being mixed with minerals. Boxes (cups) made of this material can be broken down into farmyard fertilizers at 25 degrees Celsius for 60 days.
A major supermarket chain in the US has launched a new packaging material, which is a degradable box made from potatoes. This packaging material was repeatedly tested by a research institute for 8 years. Now its formula and technology are basically mature. It is made by mixing dried starch with water and fiber. To protect the inner surface of packaging containers made from such packaging materials, the inner surface is additionally lined with a layer of polypropylene-based material, which is also degradable. The packaging container specially made with potato starch can completely degrade within 14 days. At present, it is mainly used for the packaging of fresh and non-juice foods. If the technology is mature, it is also possible to use a mixture of potato starch and fiber to make a net bag to hold apples and oranges. In this way, the environmental damage caused by large amounts of fruit packaging waste will be reduced each year.
After 10 years of hard work, Fudan University in China has also successfully developed degradable plant polyurethane materials. This technology uses rice straw, sawdust, etc. as raw materials, and reacts with isocyanate after liquefaction to synthesize polyurethane with microbial decomposition properties. The material not only has various excellent properties of ordinary polyurethanes, but also can completely decompose microorganisms within a specified time, and can also be efficiently decomposed through chemical treatment, and then used in the synthesis of polyurethanes to realize a recyclable cycle, which not only avoids chemical pollution, but also As a raw material for production, it reduces the consumption of natural resources and is an internationally leading brand new environmental protection material.
Green tableware paper products
The raw material of paper is mainly natural plant fibers. It will soon rot in nature and will not cause pollution. It can also recycle paper. Pulp molded products are not only lighter, cheaper, and shockproof, but also have good air permeability, which is beneficial to the preservation of fresh products. What is more interesting is that pulp molded products can not only replace foamed plastic tableware, but also can be a good material for a large number of industrial green packaging, and packaging products such as electronic products can play a protective role. According to calculations, the electronic packaging products of plastics are destroyed by friction static electricity during the transportation process, and the general wear rate is as high as 3% to 4%, while pulp molded products can be antistatic and can reduce this loss to zero. At present, many imported electronic products such as computers and mobile phones use pulp molded products as cushioning materials instead of the original EPS foams. In addition, products such as mechanical products, toys, utensils, handicrafts, medicines, disposable toilet lids, flower pots, and teaching aids, etc., can be “wearing†green pulp molded products.
Recently, there is also a disposable tableware made from straw as raw material. With plant straw as raw material, neither production nor disposal will cause environmental pollution, and production and regeneration consume very little energy and can be called natural green packaging. . From the current development situation, the use of plant stalks as raw materials for the production of disposable fast food products mainly has three forms: one is CL pollution-free foaming materials, the main raw material of this material is plant fiber, adding appropriate amount of colloidal materials and The foaming agent that has been adapted is made into a finished product after foaming and maturation; the second name is plant fiber cutlery.
The two types of fast food appliances using plant fibers as the main material are raw materials processed by using a wet method to grind and extract the fibers from the plant straws, and then the plant powders are removed by water. These two manufacturing methods have low resource utilization, and the colloidal materials and auxiliaries used are all synthetic chemical raw materials, and their processes and special equipment are being perfected, and there is no large-scale production. The third type is disposable plant straw tableware. The tableware process is mature and passed the provincial appraisal and obtained the approval of relevant departments such as China Packaging Corporation. The main operation flow is that the main raw material - plant stalks are cleaned, air-dried, then coarsely crushed and finely crushed, and powdery granules of the appropriate size are made, the starch is used as the glue, and finally the powdery main material is proportioned After the colloidal material and water are mixed together, the finished product is made.
Green Packaging: Passes for the 21st Century (below)
Degradable material. Degradable material refers to a material whose chemical structure changes in a specific environment that causes performance loss in a specific time. Degradable plastic packaging materials not only have the functions and characteristics of traditional plastics, but also can be split, degraded and reduced in the natural environment through the action of ultraviolet rays in the sunlight or microorganisms in the atmosphere, soil and water after the service life is completed. Non-toxic forms re-enter the ecological environment and return to nature. The biodegradable plastics are mainly divided into synthetic photodegradable plastics, photodegradable plastics with added photosensitizers and biodegradable plastics, and a variety of degradable plastics combined with multifunctional degradable plastics.